The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion
The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid heart rhythm originating above the ventricles, most commonly in the atria or atrioventricular node. It is characterized by a sudden onset and termination, with heart rates often exceeding 150 beats per minute. While SVT can sometimes be asymptomatic, many patients experience palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, or chest discomfort, which can significantly impair quality of life or pose acute risks during episodes.
The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion One of the definitive treatments for symptomatic SVT is synchronized cardioversion, a procedure that restores normal heart rhythm by delivering a precisely timed electrical shock to the heart. Unlike defibrillation, which is used in life-threatening arrhythmias like ventricular fibrillation and involves delivering an unsynchronized shock, synchronized cardioversion uses a special mode on defibrillators that coordinates the shock to occur during the heart’s vulnerable period, specifically during the R wave of the QRS complex. This synchronization minimizes the risk of inducing more dangerous arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation.
The process begins with an initial assessment of the patient’s hemodynamic stability. If the patient exhibits severe symptoms—such as hypotension, chest pain, altered mental status, or ongoing syncope—immediate synchronized cardioversion is indicated. Prior to the procedure, the patient is connected to a defibrillator equipped with synchronization capabilities. Electrodes or paddles are placed on the chest to deliver the electrical shock, with proper positioning to ensure effective current flow through the heart. The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion
The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion Before delivering the shock, healthcare providers often administer sedation or analgesia to reduce discomfort, especially in conscious patients. The defibrillator is then set to synchronized mode, and the operator confirms proper synchronization by observing the QRS complex. When ready, the shock is delivered during the R wave, which ensures the electrical current depolarizes the atria and the AV node simultaneously, interrupting the reentrant circuit that sustains the SVT.
The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion The effectiveness of synchronized cardioversion is generally high, with success rates approaching 90% in many cases. Post-procedure, the patient’s heart rhythm is closely monitored, and additional treatments or medications may be administered to prevent recurrence. In some cases, anti-arrhythmic medications or catheter ablation procedures are considered for long-term management.
While synchronized cardioversion is a safe and effective intervention, it does carry some risks, such as skin burns, arrhythmias, or thromboembolic events, especially if atrial fibrillation or flutter are involved and anticoagulation has not been optimized beforehand. Therefore, proper patient selection, preparation, and post-procedure care are essential components of successful treatment.
In conclusion, synchronized cardioversion remains a cornerstone in the acute management of hemodynamically unstable or symptomatic SVT. Its timely application can rapidly restore normal rhythm, alleviating symptoms and preventing potential complications. As with all medical procedures, it requires skilled execution and careful patient assessment to optimize outcomes and ensure safety. The supraventricular tachycardia synchronized cardioversion
